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Timeless (gene)
Timeless (''tim'') is a gene in multiple species but is most notable for its role in ''Drosophila'' for encoding TIM, an essential protein that regulates circadian rhythm. ''Timeless'' mRNA and protein oscillate rhythmically with time as part of a transcription-translation negative feedback loop involving the ''period'' (''per'') gene and its protein.
==Discovery==
In 1994, ''timeless'' was discovered through forward genetic screening, Jeffrey Price, Bernice Mann, and Michael W. Young. This gene was found when they noticed an arrhythmic ''tim''01 mutant via a P element screen. The tim01 mutation caused arrhythmic behavior, defined by the lack of ability to establish proper circadian rhythms due to an error in the oscillator, and blocked molecular cycling of period RNA.〔 In 1995 the timeless gene was cloned by Michael Myers, Karen Wager-Smith, Cedric Wesley, Michael W. Young and Amita Sehgal. Unlike the Drosophila ''timeless'' gene, homologs have been discovered in other species in which it is a non-essential for circadian rhythm.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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